卫星星载转台扫描路径规划与星体抗扰姿态控制

Trajectory Planning of Turntable and Disturbance Rejection Attitude Control for Satellites

卫星星载转台的快速扫描运动会对星体姿态产生较大扰动,为维持受扰期间星体姿态的高精高稳指向,在转台扫描路径规划和星体姿态控制器改进两方面采取措施:利用阿基米德螺旋线对载荷指向的星下点轨迹进行规划,使转台的转角、转速平滑缓变,以减小转台运动对星体姿态的扰动;根据规划轨迹解算的转台运动指令信息和转台的精确动力学模型,实时计算转台运动对星体产生的干扰力矩,并将其作为前馈量在控制器中同步补偿,再叠加高带宽的反馈控制,形成前馈+反馈的复合控制器结构。最后通过仿真验证了上述措施的有效性。

Aiming at the great disturbance to satellite attitude caused by the rapidly rotation of the turntable,in order to maintain the high accuracy of satellite attitude,two schemes are proposed.Firstly,schemes are about the trajectory planning of the sub-satellite points that are pointed by the wave beam of payload on turntable.Using the Archimedes spiral to plan the trajectory can make the turntable’s rotation angle and velocity changes smoothly and slowly so that the disturbance torque to satellite body is reduced.Secondly,according to the motion information from the trajectory,based on the accurate dynamic model of the turntable,the disturbance torques are calculated and compensated synchronously with the turntable motion as the feed-forward control torque of controller output.With the cooperation of high-bandwidth feedback control,a composite controller is formed.The simulation verifies the effectiveness of the above schemes.