中西双重哲学视角下《高堡奇人》小说人物的罪与赎

Sin and Salvation of the Characters in The Man in the High Castle from the Perspectives of Chinese and Western Philosophy

作为一部典型的或然历史小说,菲利普·迪克的《高堡奇人》在主题阐述和叙事框架等方面采用了若干非典型的手段与方法。其表层内容是异于真实历史的战后世界格局,而深层主题则是人性与救赎。这部小说中的罪恶与救赎主题既不同于西方传统的罪恶与救赎主题,也不同于现当代英美小说中已经现代化的相关主题。《高堡奇人》中的罪恶与救赎关系实质上以《易经》为外在掩饰与情节预设,基于中国哲学视角对西方罪恶与救赎主题的一种异化与发展,是东西方哲学思想在探究各种矛盾对立体(如善与恶、生与死、罪恶与救赎等)的本质关系时不同观点的碰撞与交融。

As a typical alternate history fiction, Philip Dick’s The Man in the High Castle adopts some atypical techniques and methods in its thematic elaboration and narrative structure. The surface contents of this novel are about an alternative post-WWII world different from the real history, while the deep theme revolves around human nature and salvation. However, the sin-and-salvation in this fiction is not identical with the modernized mainstream sin-and-salvation theme in modern and contemporary British and American novels, or more traditional one. The sin-and-salvation relationship depicted by the characters in the novel is essentially an alienation and development of the biblical redemption from the perspective of Chinese philosophy incarnated in The Book of Changes, involving the collision and blending of different viewpoints on the core relations of some important dichotomies, such as good and evil, life and death, and sin and salvation.