超越元宇宙的法律想象:数字身份、NFT与多元规制

Beyond the Legal Imaginations of Metaverse:Digital Identity,NFT and Multiple Regulation

元宇宙本质是物理世界的数字化,可以称之为虚实结合的下一代物联网。目前技术尚不足以建设一个普遍的元宇宙。典型情况下,用户以化身登录的方式在元宇宙生存交互,带来了数字身份认证难题。服务商数据安全保护义务、同意规则与隐私保护规则面临新的挑战,催生了以“个人为中心”的数据利用模式。NFT促使元宇宙实现了从传统互联网信息转移功能向价值转移功能的蜕变,仍然需要符合通证化的一般理论,其本质为权利凭证。元宇宙的监管需要型构包含社会规范、法律、市场和架构在内的多元融合规制体系。

Current technologies are insufficient to build a universally unified metaverse.The metaverse is the next generation of the Internet of Things with the combination of virtual reality.Users exist and interact in the metaverse by means of avatar login,which brings thorny difficulties to digital identity authentication.The service provider’s data security protection obligations,consent rules and privacy protection rules are facing new challenges.NFTs(Nonfungible Token)have urged the metaverse to transform from the traditional Internet information transfer function to the value transfer function.The regulatory order of the metaverse requires a diversified and integrated regulatory system that includes social norms,laws,markets,and structures.