0~3岁婴幼儿家长对托育服务机构的需求偏好及支付意愿研究——基于华东地区和东北地区的数据

A Study on 0-3-year-old Infants’Parents’Demand Preference and Willingness to Pay for the Nursery Service Institutions:Based on Data from East China and Northeast China

托育服务供需矛盾已成为我国民生领域主要矛盾之一,为廓清托育服务供需匹配的基本情况,采用选择实验法,抽取我国华东地区0~3岁婴幼儿家长2968名与东北地区婴幼儿家长2045名,对其进行参与托育服务机构的需求偏好、偏好异质性及支付意愿的现状调查。结果发现,两个地区家长的托育服务方案要素侧重不同;不同地区、不同人口学特征的家长对托育服务课程的偏好存在差异;华东地区家长最愿意为服务课程属性购买托育服务,每月可支付1654元,东北地区家长则更愿意为公办机构属性进行消费,每月可支付1867元。基于此,提出加强政府主导职能与投资力度、优化地域特色资源布局、增进保教质量的建议,以促使托育服务良性发展,平衡供需难题。

The contradiction between supply and demand of childcare services has become one of the main contradictions in the field of people’s livelihood in China.In order to clarify the basic situation of matching the supply and demand of childcare services,the selection experiment method was adopted to select 2968 parents of 0-3 years old infants in East China and 2045 parents in Northeast China.The demand preference,preference heterogeneity and willingness to pay of the participating childcare institutions were investigated.The results showed that the elements of parental care programs in the two districts were different.There are differences in parents’preference for childcare service courses in different regions and different demographic characteristics.Parents in East China are most willing to pay 1,654 yuan per month for childcare services,while parents in Northeast China are more willing to pay 1,867 yuan per month for public institutions.Based on this,the paper puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the leading function and investment of the government,optimize the distribution of regional characteristic resources,and improve the quality of care and education,so as to promote the benign development of care and education services and balance the supply and demand problem.