西北太平洋春、冬季浮游动物优势种水平分布与影响因子的关系

Distribution and relationship with influential factors of dominant zooplankton species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean in spring and winter

为探究西北太平洋浮游动物优势种的水平分布特征,分别于2019年春季(3月)和2020年冬季(12月)对西北太平洋海域(146°~156°E、28°~35°N)58个站位开展2个季节的调查采样,采用Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析对浮游动物优势种与影响因子进行了研究。结果表明:2个航次共鉴定出浮游动物602种(含未定种),其中,春季调查海域浮游动物种类数(456种)大于冬季(386种);共检出优势种11种,其中,瘦乳点水蚤Pleuromamma gracilis、小哲水蚤Nannocalanus minor、痩新哲水蚤Neocalanus gracilis和六鳍箭虫Sagitta hexsaptera为两个季节共有的优势种;Pearson相关性分析显示,春季调查海域优势种受纬度影响较大,如邦海樽Doliolum nationalis、细角间哲水蚤Mesocalanus tenuicornis和螺旋尖角水母Eudoxoides spiralis与纬度呈极显著或显著负相关(P<0.01或P<0.05),捷氏哲水蚤Calanus jashnovi与纬度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),冬季调查海域黄角光水蚤Lucicutia flavicornis和六鳍箭虫与海表面盐度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);RDA分析与Pearson相关性分析结果相一致,春季影响优势种丰度的主要因子为纬度(P<0.01),而冬季则为盐度(P<0.05)。研究表明,西北太平洋春、冬季浮游动物优势种水平分布受控的影响因子不同,为多种因子综合影响的结果,优势种分布春季受纬度影响较深,而冬季则受盐度影响较深。

In order to explore horizontal distribution characteristics of dominant zooplankton species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean,the dominant zooplankton was surveyed in zooplankton samples collected at 58 stations in the Northwest Pacific Ocean(146°-156°E,28°-35°N)in spring(March)2019 and winter(December)2020.The relationship between dominant species and influencing factors of zooplankton were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis.The results showed that 602 species(including unknown species)were identified during the two voyages,with more number of species in spring(456)than that in winter(386).Eleven dominant species were observed,including Pleuromamma gracilis,Nannocalanus minor,Neocalanus gracilis and Sagitta hexsaptera in the two seasons.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that latitude had a great influence on spring when there was significant or very significant negative correlation between latitude and Doliolum nationalis(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Mesocalanus tenuicornis and Eudoxoides spiralis were negatively correlated with latitude(P<0.05),and Calanus jashnovi was positively correlated with latitude(P<0.05).Lucicutia flavicornis and S.hexsaptera were positively correlated with salinity in the winter survey area.Redundancy analysis(RDA)was consistent results with Pearson correlation analysis,with the latitude as main factor affecting the abundance of dominant species in spring(P<0.01),and salinity in winter(P<0.05).The results showed that the horizontal distribution of dominant species in winter and spring in the Northwest Pacific Ocean was controlled by different factors,which was the result of the comprehensive influence of many factors.The finding indicated that distribution of dominant species in spring was deeply affected by latitude,while salinity was the key factor in winter.