90年代“文学视觉化”现象思考

A Reflection on the Phenomenon of“Literature Visualization”in the 1990s

随着文图共生现象的兴起和滋蔓,文学作品改编渐趋普遍和当下,文学创作的视觉性和视觉意识增强,日渐扩展的90年代“文学视觉化”现象,被视为争夺文学“领地”而深受质疑:或是大众文化滥觞的表现,或是文化尊严的丧失和“文学危机”的表征,抑或是大众文化和消费主义的表现形式。面对视觉文化兴起的忧虑思想,源于无视、误解人类与非人类混合的新视觉感知的精英文学立场。回顾90年代“文学视觉化”现象,无论是文学影视改编还是文图并存,都会发现“灵晕”淡去,“眩晕”随之而来。彼时,视觉化意识还处于萌发和起始阶段,充满生命力尚显“稚嫩”。现象和批评间的错位值得重新审读。

The phenomenon of symbiosis of text and pictures is gradually rising and spreading,the adaptation of literary works is becoming common and contemporary,and the visual nature and visual consciousness of literary creation are enhanced.This phenomenon of“literary visualization”,which is expanding in the 1990s,is deeply questioned as a competitor for literary“territory”.It is regarded as the expression of the beginning of mass culture,the loss of cultural dignity and the“literary crisis”,or the expression of mass culture and consumerism.The worrying thought in the face of visual culture stems from the elite literary position of ignoring and misunderstanding the new visual perception of human and non-human.Reviewing the phenomenon of“literary visualization”in the 1990s,we will find that“spiritual halo”fades away and“vertigo”follows,no matter literary film and television adaptation or literary picture coexist.At that time,visual consciousness is still in the germination and initiation stage,full of vitality but“immature”.The mismatch between the phenomenon and the criticism is worth re-reading.