不同目数防虫网对番茄病毒病防控效果的研究

Study on Control Effects of Different Mesh Pest Control Nets on Tomato Viral Diseases

【目的】探索不同目数防虫网对番茄病毒病防控效果,以期为新疆南疆地区设施番茄病毒病的防治提供借鉴和参考。【方法】以‘东风199’为试验材料,设计T1(上下风口60目防虫网)、T2(上下风口50目防虫网)、T3(上下风口40目防虫网)、CK(上下风口均无防虫网)4个处理。【结果】随着防虫网目数的增加温室烟粉虱的数量呈显著下降趋势。病毒病发病率随着烟粉虱数的增加,病毒病的发病率迅速增加。病毒病的发病率随着防虫网目数的增加呈下降趋势,以T1处理防控效果最好。各处理株高、茎粗和叶片数均以T1处理最高。叶片净光合速率T1、T2和T3处理分别比CK处理高47.57%、37.73%和15.03%,均显著高于CK处理。最终产量也以T1处理最高,显著高于其它处理。T1、T2和T3分别较CK处理增产180.44%、134.19%和56.97%。【结论】设施温室秋延番茄生产上下风口采用60目防虫网可有效减少棚内烟粉虱数量,可显著降低番茄病毒病发病率,有效增加番茄产量。

[Objective]This study was conducted to explore the prevention and control effects of different mesh insect control nets on tomato virus diseases,so as to provide references for the prevention and control of tomato virus diseases in southern Xinjiang.[Method]With'Dongfeng 199'as the test material,four treatments were designed:T1(60 mesh insect-proof net at upper and lower outlets),T2(50 mesh insect-proof net at upper and lower outlets),T3(40 mesh insect-proof net at upper and lower outlets)and CK(no insect-proof net at upper and lower outlets).[Results]The number of Bemisia tabaci in greenhouse decreased significantly with the increase in the number of insect-proof mesh.With the increase of B.tabaci,the incidence of viral diseases increased rapidly.The incidence of viral diseases showed a downward trend with the increase in the number of insect prevention nets,and T1 treatment had the best control effect.T1 had the highest plant height,stem diameter and leaf number of each4 treatments.The net photosynthetic rates of T1,T2 and T3 were 47.57%,37.73%and 15.03%higher than that of CK,respectively,which were significantly higher.The final yield of T1 treatment was the highest,significantly higher than other treatments.Compared with CK,T1,T2 and T3 increased the yield by 180.44%,134.19%and 56.97%,respectively.[Conclusion]The application of 60 mesh insect-proof net in the upper and lower air outlets of autumn extension tomato production in greenhouse could effectively reduce the number of whitefly in greenhouse,significantly reduce the incidence of tomato virus diseases,and effectively increase the yield of tomato.