基于多源暂态信息融合的单端故障定位方法

Single-Ended Fault Location Method Based on Multi-Source Transient Information Fusion

该文深入剖析故障暂态信息产生、传输、传变的机理,提出一种基于多源暂态信息融合的输电线路单端故障定位方法。根据故障暂态信号的传输过程和折反射机理,定性分析不同故障位置暂态信号的时-频差异性,揭示故障位置和时频特征量之间的内在联系,挖掘暂态信息中能够充分体现时频域差异性的五种典型故障特征量:各次暂态浪涌到达时间差、幅值、极性,各次暂态浪涌高低频电压幅值比和主频分量波速度。利用五种故障特征量,构建暂态信息融合矩阵,量化分析不同故障条件下,暂态信息矩阵的相似性和差异性,进而实现电力线路的准确故障定位。该文所提方法融合多源暂态特征量,有效地克服了现有故障定位方法对单一特征量准确提取的严重依赖,具备较强的容错性能。理论研究和大量算例分析结果表明:所提定位方法受故障条件影响小,在线路发生末端高阻故障或者电压过零点故障时,仍能准确定位故障位置,可靠性高。

The generation, transmission and transformation mechanism of fault transient information was deeply analyzed, a single-ended fault location method based on multi-source transient information fusion is proposed. According to the transmission process and the refraction and reflection mechanism of fault transient signals, the time-frequency difference of fault transient signals at different fault locations is qualitatively analyzed. The internal relationship between the fault location and the time-frequency characteristic quantity is revealed. Five typical fault characteristic quantity which can fully reflect the time-frequency difference in transient information are excavated, include arrival time difference, amplitude, polarity, amplitude ratio of high and low frequency voltage and wave velocity of dominant frequency component of each transient surge, the transient information fusion matrix is constructed. The difference of transient information matrix under different fault conditions are analyzed quantitatively, the accurate fault location of transmission line is realized. The proposed method fuse multi-source transient features, which effectively overcomes the heavy dependence of existing fault location methods on accurate extraction of single feature, and has strong fault tolerance performance. Theoretical analysis and a large amount of simulation results show that the proposed location method is less affected by the fault conditions. High impedance fault occurs on the end of the line or the near-zero fault inception angles occurs on the line, the fault location can be accurately located, and with high reliability.