微创拔牙术在下颌阻生智齿中的应用效果

Application effects of minimally invasive tooth extraction on mandibular impacted wisdom teeth

目的:探讨微创拔牙术在下颌阻生智齿中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2019年7月至2021年3月该院收治的74例下颌阻生智齿患者的临床资料,按照拔牙方法不同分为观察组与对照组各37例。对照组采取传统凿骨劈冠法拔牙,观察组利用高速涡轮牙钻和微创拔牙刀行微创拔牙术,比较两组手术相关指标(拔牙时间、术中出血量、术后肿胀程度和伤口愈合时间)水平、术后张口受限程度、拔牙窝完整性评分、疼痛程度及并发症发生率。结果:观察组拔牙时间、伤口愈合时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,术后肿胀程度评分、张口受限程度及拔牙窝完整性评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为5.41%(2/37),显著低于对照组的21.62%(8/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微创拔牙术治疗下颌阻生智齿能够有效缩短患者拔牙时间和伤口愈合时间,减少术中出血量,减轻患者张口受限和术后肿胀程度,提高拔牙窝完整性,降低并发症发生率,效果优于传统拔牙方案。

Objective: To explore application effects of minimally invasive tooth extraction on mandibular impacted wisdom teeth.Methods: The clinical data of 74 patients with mandibular impacted wisdom teeth admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different tooth extraction methods, they were divided into observation group and control group, 37 cases in each. The control group used the traditional Chisel and split crown method for tooth extraction, while the observation group used the high-speed turbo dental drill and the minimally invasive tooth extraction knife to perform the minimally invasive tooth extraction. The operation-related indicator levels(tooth extraction time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative swelling degree and wound healing time), the postoperative mouth opening limitation,the tooth extraction socket integrity score, the pain degree and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The tooth extraction time and the wound healing time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group;the intraoperative blood loss was less than that in the control group;the postoperative swelling score, the mouth opening limitation degree and the tooth extraction socke integrity score were all lower than those in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Further, the incidence of complications in the observation group was 5.41%(2/37), which was significantly lower than 21.62%(8/37) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: The minimally invasive tooth extraction for mandibular impacted wisdom teeth can effectively shorten the extraction time and the wound healing time, reduce the intraoperative blood loss, reduce the mouth opening imitation and the facial swelling degree,improve the tooth extraction socket integrity, and reduce the incidence of complications. Moreover, it is superior to single traditional tooth extraction method.