复杂场址阵风特性与机组载荷研究

Study on Gust Characteristics and Wind Turbine Loads in Sites with Complex Conditions

随着中国风电的飞速发展,越来越多场址条件复杂的风场进入市场,这类风场特点是地形复杂、风速湍流条件恶劣,常出现大量复杂阵风,使得风电机组的载荷以及净空情况更为复杂,特别是极端阵风导致载荷增大对机组安全性的影响需引起重视,同时恶劣阵风对叶片的净空会带来很大的风险。通过安装雷达精确测风设备,监测复杂场址风场出现的阵风风况,基于测风大数据建立了几种实测阵风数值模型,开展了不同阵风模型机组载荷特性的研究,并与IEC规范的阵风模型进行了对比。研究结果表明,复杂山地场址实测阵风比规范的阵风更为恶劣,塔底载荷对阵风幅值更为敏感,叶片载荷则对阵风的上升时间更为敏感,研究对风力机组复杂场址前期安全性校核具有一定的工程指导意义。

With the rapid development of wind power in China, more and more wind farms with complex site conditions enter the market. Such wind farms have common features including complex terrain, severe wind speed turbulence conditions, and usually a large frequent occurrence of complex gusts, which makes wind turbines′ loads conditions more complicated, especially under the impact of extreme gusts. Through the installation of radar accurate wind measuring equipment, the gusty wind conditions in the wind field of complex site were monitored, and several measured gust numerical models were established based on the big data of wind measurement, besides, the load characteristics of different gust models were studied, and compared with the gust model of IEC specification. The research results show that the measured gust at the complex mountain site is worse than the standard gust, the tower bottom load is more sensitive to the gust amplitude, and the blade load is more sensitive to the gust rise time. The research has certain engineering guiding significance for the early safety verification of the complex site of wind turbine.