基于土家族堪舆术下的鄂西传统民居研究

Research on traditional houses in western Hubei Province based on geomantic technique of Tujia family

鄂西土家族堪舆术在发展的进程中受中原文化的影响,其建筑形态在保留原有文化特质的基础上形成了以信仰内涵和宗族家庭为纽带的地区聚居建筑格局。基于土家族堪舆术下的民居内部空间在宏观上除了表现出乡村社会权利结构的等级关系外,在微观上还赋予了室内布局以崇巫祭祀和信仰变迁等人文因素。阐述了鄂西传统民居在土家族堪舆术影响下的室内布局、结构特点,并对影响鄂西传统民居各类要素进行归类,期望更好地再现土家民居的空间演变、诠释堪舆术的文化内涵。

The geomantic technique of the Tujia family in western Hubei Province was influenced by the culture of the central plains, and the architectural pattern of the Tujia family in the western Hubei province was formed by the association of faith connotation and clan family on the basis of retaining original cultural characteristics. In addition to displaying the hierarchical relationship of the rural social power structure, the interior space of the local people’s houses is also endowed with humanistic factors such as witch-worship and belief change in the interior layout. This paper describes the interior layout and structural characteristics of traditional Hubei dwellings under the influence of Tujia geomantics, and classifies the factors affecting traditional Hubei dwellings, hoping to better reproduce the spatial evolution of Tujia geomantics and explain the cultural connotation of geomantics.