坚守与流动:家政行业人才流失的影响因素与对策

Persistence and Mobility:Research on the Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Outflow of Talents in Domestic Service Industry

家政人才是家政服务业现代化发展的关键资源,但家政行业人才存在巨大缺口、流失严重,为家政服务业的未来发展增添了较大的不确定性。究其原因,是职级和薪酬体系建设缺位、传统观念束缚及职业认同感缺乏、职业污名化和标签化、人才培养体系结构性错位、社会其他因素的影响所致。而加快建立现代职业资格评价体系及其行业薪酬指导标准,加强社会宣传教育和引导;建立教学与实训紧密结合的课程体系,提升学生的职业认可度;注重建立家政服务的正面形象,增强家政行业吸引力,能够提高家政从业人员的稳定性和吸引家政专业人才长期投身于专业化家政服务,以满足我国城乡居民日益迫切的对专业化、高品质家政服务的市场需求,增进民生福祉。

Domestic Service talents are the key resources for the modernization of domestic service industry,but there is a huge gap and serious brain drain of domestic service talents,which adds great uncertainty to the future development of domestic service industry.The reasons are the absence of the construction of rank and salary system,the restriction of traditional ideas,the lack of professional identity,the stigmatization and labeling of this occupation,the structural dislocation of talent training system,and the influence of other social factors.Speeding up the establishment of modern professional qualification evaluation system and its industry salary guidance standards,Strengthening social publicity and guidance,establishing a curriculum system that combines teaching and practical training closely to enhance students professional recognition,Focusing on building a positive image of domestic service and enhancing the attractiveness of the industry can improve the stability of domestic workers and attract domestic professionals to engage in professional domestic service on a long-term basis,so as to meet China’s urban and rural residents increasingly urgent demand for professional,high-quality domestic service market and improve the well-being of the people.