柴达木盆地藜麦适宜农业气象指标构建

CONSTRUCTION OF SUITABLE AGROMETEOROLOGICAL INDEXES FOR QUINOA IN QAIDAM BASIN

[目的]为进一步开发柴达木盆地藜麦种植特色农业的产业价值,为柴达木盆地特色种植资源开发、新品种示范推广提供科学定量化的适宜农业气象指标体系。[方法]文章基于2014—2018年格尔木市藜麦引种试验资料和平行逐日气象观测资料,通过多元回归、相关分析进行气象因子筛选,优选出四分位统计方法,构建柴达木盆地藜麦适宜农业气象指标拟定阈值,选用分期播种试验2个优势产量播期进行补充和修订;应用平产年、欠产年、分播期数据进行指标检验。[结果]构建出柴达木盆地藜麦不同发育期对应的平均温度、最高温度、最低温度的适宜农业气象指标,并确定了指标阈值范围。[结论]柴达木盆地藜麦适宜农业气象指标构建方法得当,指标意义明确,指标阈值范围符合柴达木盆地藜麦生长发育实际状况,完全代表柴达木盆地藜麦产量形成的最优农业气象资源配置,对进行藜麦特色种植产业发展具有科学的参考和指导价值。

In order to further develop the industrial value of quinoa planting,characteristic agriculture in Qaidam Basin,and provide a scientific and quantitative suitable agrometeorological index system for the development of characteristic planting resources and the demonstration and promotion of new varieties in Qaidam Basin.Based on the data of quinoa introduction experiment and parallel daily meteorological observation in Geermu city from 2014to 2018,the meteorological factors were screened through multiple regression and correlation analysis,and the quartile statistical method was selected to construct the suitable agrometeorological index of quinoa in Qaidam Basin,draw up the threshold,select the two dominant yield sowing dates of sowing experiment by stages to supplement and revise,and apply the average yield year and under yield year,the production year and sowing date were tested.The suitable agrometeorological indexes of average temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature corresponding to different development stages of quinoa in Qaidam Basin were constructed,and the threshold range of the indexes was determined.In summary,the construction method of suitable agrometeorological indicators for quinoa in Qaidam Basin is appropriate,the significance of the indicators is clear,and the threshold range of the indicators is in line with the actual situation of quinoa growth and development in Qaidam Basin,which fully represents the optimal allocation of Agrometeorological resources formed by quinoa yield in Qaidam Basin,and has scientific reference and guiding value for the development of quinoa characteristic planting industry.