中国农业文化遗产事业:时代转向及历史方位

The Undertakings of China s Agricultural Heritage:Turn of the Times and Historical Position

中国的农业文化遗产事业正处于从全面建成小康社会到全面建设社会主义现代化国家、从全面脱贫攻坚到全面推进乡村振兴的历史交汇点上,从战略思维与目标导向出发,辨析农业文化遗产的时代转向并判断农业文化遗产的历史方位,既正当其时,又尤为必要。以1920年为始,中国农业文化遗产事业大致经历了从农业现代化、可持续农业到乡村振兴的战略转向,从以古鉴今、优先保护到转化利用的原则转向,以及从知识挖掘、战略方案到乡村铸魂的路径转向。由三大时代转向进程中所彰显的基本规律与时代特征可以判断:新时代下,农业文化遗产正处于与乡村振兴战略有效螯合的历史方位,今后农业文化遗产事业可能会进一步穿透、聚焦并呈现以“农民利益”为逻辑起点、以“农业文化”为核心价值及以“乡村社会”为重点领域的基本态势。

China s century-old agricultural heritage undertakings are at the historical intersection of building a well-off society in all respects to building a modern socialist country in an all-around way,from alleviating poverty in an all-round way to promoting rural revitalization in an all-around way.Starting from strategic thinking and goal orientation,it is both right and necessary to clarify the era of agricultural heritage and to judge the historical position of agricultural heritage.Since the 1920s,China s agricultural heritage undertakings have roughly undergone a strategic shift from agricultural modernization,sustainable agriculture to rural revitalization,shifting from the principle of learning from the past,giving priority to protection to transformation and utilization,and the path shift from knowledge mining,strategic plan to rural soul casting.The basic laws and characteristics of the times revealed in the process of shifting from the three eras can be judged:the current agricultural heritage is in a historical position that effectively chelates the rural revitalization strategy.In the future,the undertakings of agricultural heritage may further penetrate,focus,and present a basic trend with“farmers interests”as the logical starting point,“farming culture”as the core value,and“rural society”as the key field.