专业硕士生毕业标准:基于利益相关者视角

A Study on Graduation Standards of Professional Postgraduates from the Perspective of Stakeholder Theory

坚持“实践”导向应是专业学位研究生教育的题中之义,较高学术性而非实践应用性的毕业标准是否合理值得深入探讨。本研究采用访谈法收集文本资料,利用Nvivo12.0对文本进行编码分析,通过扎根理论揭示毕业标准的影响因素、现实呈现和结果效应;并运用利益相关者理论进一步说明毕业标准背后的逻辑关系。研究发现:各方的利益契合与偏差是制定毕业标准的影响因素;研究生和导师态度、行为非常态是毕业标准下的现实呈现;培养质量上“职业性”本质特征缺失是毕业标准所带来的结果效应。基于此,需重新审视专业学位研究生教育评价体系:评价理念上指向实践,评价主体上多元参与,以及评价方式上重视过程性评价。通过以上改革,以保证专业学位硕士生研究生培养回归本真,切实提高专业学位硕士研究生培养质量。

The career orientation is the meaning of professional graduate education,but the reality is not so.The higher academic rather than professional content of graduation standards is worth further discussion.In this study,researchers used interview method to collect and encode textual information with Nvivo 12.0 to examine the influencing factors,realistic rendering and resulting effect of graduation standards on the Grounded Theory.They also applied the Stakeholder Theory to further explain the logical relationship behind the graduation standards.The results showed that:stakeholders’interest alignment and deviation are the influencing factors of graduation standards;stakeholders have abnormal attitude and behavior under the graduation standard;and the absence of the essential characteristic of“professionalism”in training quality is the result of graduation standards.Therefore,it is necessary to re-examine the evaluation system of professional postgraduate education with the concept aimed to practicing,the evaluation subjects’multiple participation,and the evaluation method attached to process evaluation,so as to ensure that the cultivation of professional postgraduates will return to its true nature for quality professional graduate education.