草原区近地表矿体下行式连续开采技术研究

Study on Downward Continuous Mining Technology of Near-Surface Ore Body in Grassland Area

为探索草原区近地表矿体开采方案,尽量减少其对草原环境的破坏,同时达到矿体安全高效开采的目的,以乌兰矿近地表矿体为研究对象,研究上部及下部中段不同的开采方案,并分析开采对地表位移的影响。研究结果表明:上部中段采用高端壁空场嗣后充填采矿法,下部中段采用中深孔与大直径深孔相结合的空场嗣后充填采矿法,利用尾砂对采空区进行充填,可以总体实现矿体的下行连续开采,有效控制地表塌陷区范围,达到保护草原区环境要求的同时,实现近地表矿体的快速、低成本开采。草原区近地表矿体开采技术的研发及现场应用,可为地表受限开采环境下同类矿体的绿色高效开采技术提供借鉴。

In order to explore the mining scheme of near-surface ore body in grassland area, minimize its damage to grassland environment, and achieve the purpose of safe and efficient mining of orebody, the near-surface orebody in Wulan Mine was taken as the research object. Different mining schemes of upper and lower levels were studied, and the impact of mining on surface displacement was analyzed. The research results show that the high-end wall open stoping with subsequent filling mining method is proposed at upper levels, the open stoping with subsequent filling mining method combining medium deep hole and large-diameter deep hole is proposed at the lower levels, and the mined out area can be filled with tailings. These schemes can generally realize the downward continuous mining of the ore body, effectively control the range of the surface subsidence area, meet the environmental requirements of the grassland area, and realize the rapid and low-cost mining of the near-surface ore body. The research and field application of near-surface ore body mining technology in grassland area can provide a reference for the green and efficient mining in similar ore bodies under the surface restricted mining environment.