维生素A水平与儿童急性下呼吸道感染的相关性

Correlation between vitamin A level and acute lower respiratory infection in children

目的探讨维生素A水平与儿童急性下呼吸道感染的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2020年2月在西安市中心医院儿科住院的急性下呼吸道感染患儿824例为病例组,选取同期在儿童保健科健康查体儿童515例为对照组;将病例组和对照组儿童按年龄分为<1岁、1~3岁、4~6岁、≥7岁4个组,测定其维生素A水平,并进行统计分析。结果对照组中维生素A水平为(0.33±0.07)mg/L,亚临床型维生素A缺乏(SVAD)率为1.94%,可疑亚临床型维生素A缺乏(SSVAD)率为29.13%,维生素A正常率为68.93%;各年龄组的维生素A水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=21.816,P<0.01)。病例组中维生素A水平为(0.22±0.08)mg/L,SVAD率为45.75%,SSVAD率为39.32%,维生素A正常率为14.93%;各年龄组的维生素A水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=15.678,P<0.01)。病例组与对照组维生素A水平及其缺乏率比较差异均有统计学意义(t=26.587、χ^(2)=478.694,P<0.01)。在急性支气管炎、毛细支气管炎、支气管肺炎、大叶性肺炎中,维生素A水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=17.643,P<0.01)。维生素A水平与儿童急性下呼吸道感染呈显著负相关(r=-0.588,P<0.01)。结论儿童维生素A缺乏较为普遍,在急性下呼吸道感染中,维生素A缺乏更为明显。维生素A缺乏与儿童急性下呼吸道感染相关,补充维生素A不容忽视。

Objective To investigate the relationship between vitamin A and acute lower respiratory tract infection.Methods A total of 824children with acute lower respiratory tract infection who were hospitalized in the department of pediatric in Xi′an Central Hospital from January 2017to February 2020were selected as the case group,and 515healthy children from the department of child healthcare in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Children were divided into<1year old,1-3years old,4-6years old,and≥7years old.The level of vitamin A were tested and compared.Results The level of vitamin A in the control group was(0.33±0.07)mg/L,the subclinical vitamin A deficiency(SVAD)rate was 1.94%,the suspicious subclinical vitamin A deficiency(SSVAD)rate was 29.13%,and the normal rate of vitamin A was 68.93%.There was a significant difference in vitamin A levels in each age group(F=21.816,P<0.01).The vitamin A level in the case group was(0.22±0.08)mg/L,the SVAD rate was 45.75%,the SSVAD rate was 39.32%,and the normal rate of vitamin A was 14.93%.There were statistically sig-nificant differences in vitamin A levels of each age group(F=15.678,P<0.01).The difference in the lever of vitamin A and the rate of vitamin A deficiency were statistically significant(t=26.587,χ^(2)=478.694,P<0.01).In acute bronchitis,bronchiolitis,bronchopneumonia,and lobar pneumonia,the levels of vitamin A were statistically significant(F=17.643,P<0.01).Vitamin A levels were significantly negatively correlated with children with acute lower respiratory tract infection(r=-0.588,P<0.01).Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency is more common in children,and vitamin A deficiency is more obvious in the acute respiratory infections.Vitamin A deficiency is associated with acute respiratory infections in children,and vitamin A supplementation should not be ignored.