北京市2015-2020年空气质量特征及影响因素分析

Air Quality Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Beijing from 2015 to 2020

基于北京市2015-2020年空气质量数据和社会经济数据,采用核密度估计、空间自相关方法及随机森林等方法对2015-2020年北京市各区域空气质量的时空变化特征及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:空气质量污染成份中对空气质量指数(AQI)变化影响贡献度最大的是颗粒物浓度;四季空气质量差异在减小,整体变化与社会生产活动及治理有明显关联性;市辖区整体上北部空气质量良好而南边相对较差;区域的绿化覆盖率、科研经费水平及人均可支配收入的提高能够降低空气污染水平。

Based on Beijing's air quality data and socio-economic data from 2015 to 2020,Kernel density estimation,spatial autocorrelation and random forest methods were used in this paper to analyze the air quality characteristics and influencing factors in Beijing from 2015 to 2020.The results showed that the concentration of particulate matter contributed the most to the change of AQI in six pollution components of air quality;the difference in air quality in the four seasons was decreasing;air quality was obviously related to social production activities and governance rules.As a whole,the Air Quality Index(AQI)in the north of the municipal area was low,while the air quality in the south was relatively high.The increase in per capita disposable income,green coverage area and scientific research funding could effectively reduce the degree of air pollution.