我国麦蚜抗药性及研究现状

Research status of wheat aphid resistance to insecticides in China

麦蚜是危害我国小麦Triticum aestivum L.生产的主要害虫,具有分布广、数量大、繁殖力强以及远距离迁飞等特点,不仅直接吸食小麦汁液,还传播多种植物病毒,每年造成小麦减产10%~30%。目前对麦蚜的防控主要以化学防治为主,但由于化学杀虫剂长期或不合理的使用,多地麦蚜对常用杀虫剂产生了不同程度的抗性。本文从麦蚜抗药性测定方法、抗性水平及交互抗性、代谢和靶标抗性机制、以及麦蚜抗药性综合治理等方面进行了综述,以期为麦蚜的防治及杀虫剂的持续合理使用提供理论参考和依据。

Wheat aphid is the predominant pests of Triticum aestivum L.in China.It has the characteristics of wide distribution,large quantity,strong fertility,and long-distance migration.Wheat aphids cause damage by directly feeding on plants and by vectoring multiple plant pathogenic viruses,which causes 10%~30% yield reduction of wheat every year.At present,the management of wheat aphids relies primarily on the application of insecticides.However,wheat aphid in many areas has developed different level of resistance to insecticides due to long-term or unreasonable use.This review introduced current knowledge on bioassay method,resistance level dynamics,cross resistance,metabolic and target resistance mechanisms,and resistance management in wheat aphid and provided a valuable reference for the control of wheat aphid and the sustainable and rational use of insecticides.