油菜素内酯促进芹菜中阿维菌素和辛硫磷残留降解效果研究

Effect of Brassinolide on Degradation of Avermectin and Phoxim Residues in Celery

为探讨油菜素内酯(BR)促进芹菜中阿维菌素和辛硫磷残留的降解效果,以芹菜为试验材料,采用QuEChERS法结合高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术,研究了阿维菌素和辛硫磷在芹菜上自然降解及油菜素内酯对其降解的影响。结果表明,喷施1.8%阿维菌素乳油,芹菜的安全采收期为21 d,半衰期为6.60 d;喷施40%辛硫磷乳油,芹菜的安全采收期为14 d,半衰期为3.04 d。BR能够有效促进阿维菌素和辛硫磷的降解,降解效果优于自然降解,且以0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR为最适喷施浓度,2次为最适喷施次数。阿维菌素在最适浓度0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR处理1次条件下半衰期为4.03 d,安全采收期为14 d,较自然降解提早7 d;最适2次BR处理下半衰期为2.11 d,安全采收期为7 d,较自然降解提早14 d。辛硫磷在最适浓度0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR处理1次条件下半衰期为1.83 d,安全采收期为7 d,较自然降解提早7 d;最适2次BR处理下半衰期为1.05 d,安全采收期为7 d,较自然降解提早7 d。最佳喷施条件下,BR对辛硫磷的降解效果优于阿维菌素的降解效果。本研究可为芹菜产品农药残留水平安全控制提供科学依据,为蔬菜产品农药残留降解研究提供参考。

To investigate the effect of Brassinolide on the degradation of avermectin and phoxim residues in celery. Celery was used as experimental material coupled with QuEChERS method and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) to research the natural degradation of avermectin and phoxim on celery and effect of Brassinolide on their degradation.The results showed that when 1.8% of avermectin EC was sprayed, the safe harvest time of celery was 21 days and the half-life for avermectin was 6.60 days. When 40% of phoxim EC was sprayed, the safe harvest time of celery was 14 days and the half-life of phoxim was 3.04 days.BR could effectively promote the degradation of avermectin and phoxim, and the degradation effect was better than natural degradation. Further more, 0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR was the optimal spraying concentration, and 2 times was the optimal number of spraying. Under the optimal concentration of 0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR,the half-life of avermectin was 4.03 days, and the safe harvest time was 14 days, which was 7 days earlier than the natural degradation, under the optimal two times of BR treatment, the half-lifet was 2.11 days, and the safe harvest time was 7 days, which was 14 days earlier than the natural degradation. Under the optimal concentration of 0.1 mg·L^(-1)BR,the half-life of phoxim was 1.83 days, and the safe harvest time was 7 days with 7 days earlier than the natural degradation;under the optimal two times of BR treatment, the half-lifet was 1.05 days, the safe harvest time was 7 days, which was 7 days earlier than the natural degradation.Under the best spraying conditions, the degradation effect of BR on phoxim was better than on avermectin. This study provides a scientific basis for the safety control of pesticide residues level in celery products, and offers a reference for the degradation of pesticide residues in vegetable products.