笼型倍半硅氧烷的制备及其在阻燃聚合物中的应用概述

Overview of the Application of Cage Sesquisoxane in Flame Retardant Polymers

多面体倍半硅氧烷(Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane,POSS)作为一种具有纳米结构的有机-无机杂化材料,已越来越引起研究者的关注。这归因于POSS化合物中Si—O—Si结构具有很好的热稳定性和热氧稳定性,以及其有机基团广泛的可调节性。将POSS纳米粒子结合到聚合物材料中,可以显著提高聚合物/POSS复合材料阻燃性能、耐烧蚀性能、耐热性能、抗氧化性、力学性能和加工性能等。本概述从POSS的结构、性质、合成方法阐述了POSS多变的性质,归纳了官能化POSS对聚合物阻燃的研究概况,总结了官能化POSS在聚合物中的阻燃剂机理,并展望了POSS在聚合物阻燃中的发展趋势。

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(POSS),as a kind of organic-inorganic hybrid material with nanometer structure,has attracted more and more researchers′attention.This is attributed to the excellent thermal and thermo-oxygen stability of Si—O—Si structures in POSS compounds,as well as the extensive adjustability of their organic groups.Combining POSS nanoparticles into polymer materials can significantly improve the flame retardancy,ablative resistance,heat resistance,oxidation resistance,mechanical properties and processing properties of polymer/POSS composites.In this paper,the structure,properties and synthesis methods of POSS are introduced to describe the changeable properties of POSS,summarize the research progress and the mechanism of functional POSS in polymer flame retardant,and look forward to the development trend of POSS in polymer flame retardant.