印度对“印太”的参与、局限与展望——全球价值链的分析视角

A Global Value Chains Perspective on Outlooks for and Limitations of India’s Participation in the Indo-Pacific

近年来,“印太”逐渐从地理概念升级为地缘政治战略。国家间底层产业链关系的稳定与否是“印太”战略能否有效落地的关键因素之一。在全球价值链的环境下,印度通过与“印太”核心国家美国、日本、澳大利亚的投入—产出关系形成了“印太”产业关联。印度在其中的角色为“生产者”,上承原料供应、下接需求市场。但是,受制于印度制造业的结构性缺陷与国内产业体系的不完善,印度“生产者”的角色更多地集中于技术密集型产业,不仅处于“印太”核心产业的边缘,而且难以有效承接区域内产业转移。这就限制了印度对“印太”的经济参与,也在一定程度上影响“印太”战略的落实。目前,印度国内正在通过经济改革改善制造业落后的不利局面,同时,在国际层面印度也在通过保护国内市场与对接国际产业合作的双重手段为“印度制造”营造更有利的国际环境。

In recent years,the Indo-Pacific has gradually transformed from a geographical concept into a geo-political strategy.A key factor determining whether the Indo-Pacific Strategy will effectively progress is the relationship in the industrial value chains between countries.Under the circumstances of global value chains,India’s input-output relation with the United States,Japan,and Australia makes up the Indo-Pacific industrial chain.India’s role within this chain is largely as a “producer”,receiving raw materials and providing for market demand.However,due to structural flaws and limitations within India’s manufacturing sector,India’s role as a producer is forced to limit in technology-intensive industries,which not only places India at the margins of the core industry in the Indo-Pacific,but also makes it difficult for India to receive industry transform from within the region.These are key limitations on India’s economic participation in the Indo-Pacific,and they also impact the implementation of the Indo-Pacific Strategy.At present,India is implementing economic reforms targeted at overcoming its disadvantageous position on the backward state of its industrial capacity.At the same time,on the international level,India is protecting its domestic market,while building international industrial connection as a means of creating an environment conductive to the development of“Make in India”.