都兰县一起动物间鼠疫疫情实验室检测结果分析

Analysis on laboratory test results in an inter-animal plague epidemic in Dulan County

目的简要分析2020年7月青海省都兰县发生的一起动物鼠疫疫情的实验室检测结果,为动物间鼠疫疫情的判定和流行病学分析提供可靠的实验室依据。方法采用细菌分离培养、鼠疫噬菌体裂解试验和反向间接血球凝集试验(reverse indirect hemagglutination test,RIHA)等鼠疫菌常规检测方法。结果从宿主动物喜马拉雅旱獭脏器组织中成功分离出鼠疫菌1株;从宿主动物寄生的斧形盖蚤和谢氏山蚤中成功分离出鼠疫菌6株,共分离出鼠疫菌7株。结论本次动物间鼠疫疫情中,鼠疫菌主要通过寄生蚤在喜马拉雅旱獭之间传播,进而导致其死亡,发生动物间鼠疫疫情。寄生蚤起着重要的传播媒介作用。

Objective To provide reliable laboratory basis for identification and epidemiological analysis on inter-animal plague epidemics by briefly analyzing laboratory test results of an animal plague epidemic occurring in Dulan County,Qinghai Province in July 2020.Methods The routine detection methods for Yersinia pestis including bacterial isolation&culture,plague phage lysis test and reverse indirect hemagglutination test(RIHA)were implemented.Results One strain of Yersinia pestis was successfully isolated from the organ tissue of the host animal Marmota himalayana.Six strains of Yersinia pestis were successfully isolated from fleas including Callopsylla dolabris and Oropsylla silantiewi parasitizing in the host animals,and a total of seven strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated.Conclusion Yersinia pestis is mainly transmitted between Marmota himalayana through parasitic fleas in the inter-animal plague epidemics,further causing their death and inter-animal plague epidemic.Parasitic flea plays an important role of transmitting vector.