2014-2020年江阴市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of public health emergencies of infectious disease at schools in Jiangyin from 2014 to 2020

目的分析2014—2020年江阴市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件监测结果,为有效指导学校防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2014—2020年江阴市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件监测信息进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2014—2020年江阴市全市报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件25起,占同期报告突发公共卫生事件总数的78.12%(25/32),发病670例,罹患率2.23%。以肠道传染病为主,报告15起,占60.00%。报告病种以手足口病13起(占52.00%)、水痘9起(占36.00%)为主。发病具有双峰特征,5—6月为主高峰,11月为次高峰。幼儿园是防控重点场所。突发公共卫生事件报告时间中位数为6.3 d,事件持续时间中位数为16.6 d,首例发病到接到信息报告时间与整个事件持续时间有相关性(ρ=0.613,P<0.05)。结论学校是传染病突发公共卫生事件发生的重要场所,尤其是幼儿园。应加强肠道和呼吸道传染病为重点的学校疫情监测,联合教委落实疫情处置工作,避免疫情传播和蔓延。

Objective To analyze monitoring results of public health emergencies of infectious diseases breaking out at schools in Jiangyin from 2014 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of infectious diseases at schools.Methods The monitoring information of public health emergencies of infectious diseases breaking out at schools were collected in Jiangyin from 2014 to 2020 for descriptive epidemiology analysis.Results A total of 25 public health emergencies of infectious diseases breaking out at schools across Jiangyin were reported from 2014 to 2020,accounting for 78.12%(25/32)of the total of public health events breaking out during the same period,and there were 670 morbidity cases with an incidence rate of 2.23%.Intestinal infectious diseases dominated,and 15 cases were reported,accounting for 60.00%.Reported cases were dominated by 13 cases with hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)(accounting for 52.00%)and 9 cases with chicken pox(accounting for 36.00%).The incidents were characterized with bimodal features with the primary peak extending from May to June,and the secondary peak was November yearly.Kindergartens were considered to be crucial places for prevention and control,the median of reporting time of public health emergencies was the 6.3 days,and the median duration of events was 16.6 days.The duration from onset date of the first case to the reception date of the information report was correlated with the duration of the overall event(ρ=0.613,P<0.05).Conclusion Schools,especially for kindergartens,are considered to be primary places where public health emergencies of infectious diseases occur.The school epidemic surveillance mainly focusing on respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases should be intensified,and the epidemic should be tackled by working with the education commission to avoid the transmission and spread of infectious diseases.