甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌对12种抗菌药物的体外抑菌活性研究

Study on in-vitro antibacterial activities of 12 antibiotics against Yersinia pestis from natural foci of Citellus alaschanicus in Gan-Ning Loess Plateau plague focus

目的检测甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌对12种抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度,掌握该疫源地鼠疫菌对常用抗菌药物的敏感性。方法根据美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)药敏试验方法中的琼脂稀释法,测定头孢曲松钠、头孢呋辛钠、氨苄青霉素、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、卡那霉素、链霉素、氯霉素、壮观霉素、四环素、莫西沙星,复方新诺明(甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲噁唑)12种抗菌药物分别对33株鼠疫菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC_(90)和MIC_(90))。结果体外研究显示33株鼠疫菌对临床常用的12种抗菌药物均敏感,其中头孢曲松钠、环丙沙星、复方新诺明的抑菌活性较高(MIC_(90)≤0.06μg/ml),其次为氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、头孢呋辛钠、氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、氯霉素、链霉素和四环素(0.25μg/ml≤MIC_(90)≤4μg/ml),壮观霉素的抑菌活性最差(MIC_(90)=16μg/ml)。结论甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫疫源地分离的33株鼠疫菌对12种常用抗菌药物均敏感。主动监测耐药菌株有助于早期发现耐药菌,以便为有效治疗鼠疫患者提供科学依据。

Objective To detect the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 12 antibiotics against Yersinia pestis from natural foci of Citellus alaschanicus in Gan-Ning Loess Plateau plague focus,and to grasp the sensitivity of Yersinia pestis to common antibiotics.Methods MIC(MIC_(90) and MIC_(90)) of 12 antibiotics against 33 strains of Yersinia pestis including ceftriaxone,cefuroxime,ampicillin,ofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,kanamycin,streptomycin,chloramphenicol,spectinomycin,tetracycline,moxifloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim respectively were detected according to the agar dilution method of American Society of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)for susceptibility test.Results In-vitro studies showed that 33 strains of Yersinia pestis were sensitive to the above 12 antibiotics,in which ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim had the highest antibacterial activity(MIC_(90)≤0.06μg/ml),followed by ofloxacin,moxifloxacin,cefuroxime,ampicillin,kanamycin,chloramphenicol,streptomycin and tetracycline(0.25μg/ml≤MIC_(90)≤4μg/ml),and the antimicrobial activity of spectinomycin was the worst(MIC_(90)=16μg/ml).Conclusion All the 33 strains of Yersinia pestis are sensitive to 12 common antibiotics.Active surveillance on drug-resistant strains makes for detecting the resistant bacteria early,with the aim of providing scientific basis for treatment plague patients effectively.