江苏省非煤矿山行业尘肺病诊断调查

Investigation on diagnosis of pneumoconiosis in non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province

目的:了解江苏省非煤矿山行业尘肺病发病情况,为非煤矿山行业的尘肺病防治工作提供参考。方法:通过江苏省尘肺病随访网报系统收集1956年1月至2019年12月江苏省新诊断的非煤矿山行业的7019例尘肺病患者资料,包括尘肺病患者的性别、用人单位名称及其所在地、用人单位所属行业分类、接尘工龄、职业性尘肺病病种名称、尘肺病诊断日期等信息。将收集到的尘肺病患者个案资料录入统计软件,对患者的确诊时间、地区和行业等特征进行分析。结果:江苏省非煤矿山行业尘肺病患者确诊数以2007年(395例)居多,所在地区主要为无锡市(40.96%,2875/7019)和苏州市(27.72%,1946/7019);患者所属行业以非金属矿采选业(60.95%,4278/7019)为主,尘肺病病种以矽肺(96.40%,6766/7019)居多;患者主要为尘肺壹期(61.33%,4305/7019),不同尘肺病期别的患者平均确诊年龄和平均接尘工龄差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同尘肺病病种患者的平均确诊年龄和平均接尘工龄差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),电焊工尘肺患者的平均确诊年龄和平均接尘工龄均为最小,分别为(44.92±7.74)岁和(17.38±10.15)年。结论:江苏省非煤矿山行业尘肺病患者的地区和行业分布特征明显,应重点关注确诊年龄小、接尘工龄短的尘肺病患者的救治,以及电焊工等短时间大量接触生产性粉尘的一线职工的个体防护和健康保障。

Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province,and provide reference for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in the non-coal mining industry.Methods The data of 7019 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients in non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province from January 1956 to December 2019 were collected through the Jiangsu Province Pneumoconiosis Follow-up Network Report System,including the gender of the pneumoconiosis patients,the name of the employer and the location,the industry classification of the employer,the duration of dust exposure in dust exposure,the name of occupational pneumoconiosis disease,the date of diagnosis of pneumoconiosis,etc.The collected case data of patients with pneumoconiosis were entered into the statistical software,and the characteristics of the patients'diagnosis time,region and industry were analyzed.Results The number of confirmed pneumoconiosis patients in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province was mostly in 2007(395 cases),concentrated in Wuxi City(40.96%,2875/7019)and Suzhou City(27.72%,1946/7019).The industries to which the patients belonged were mainly non-metallic mining and dressing(60.95%,4278/7019),and the most common type of pneumoconiosis was silicosis(96.40%,6766/7019).The patients were mainly stageⅠpneumoconiosis(61.33%,4305/7019).There were statistically significant differences in the mean age of diagnosis and the average duration of dust exposure among patients with different pneumoconiosis stages(P<0.01).The differences in the average diagnosis age and the average duration of dust exposure of patients with different types of pneumoconiosis were statistically significant(P<0.05),the mean age of diagnosis and the average duration of dust exposure of electric welders were the smallest,which were(44.92±7.74)years old and(17.38±10.15)years,respectively.Conclusion The regional and industry distribution characteristics of new pneumoconiosis patients in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province are obvious,and attention should be paid to the treatment of pneumoconiosis patients with young diagnosed age and short duration of dust exposure,as well as the personal protection and health protection of front-line workers such as electric welders who are exposed to productive dust in a short period of time.