使真者理论的衍推原则及其困境

The Entailment Principle in Truth-maker Theory and Its Dilemma

使真者理论的主要任务是为真命题寻找使真者,衍推原则为此提供了方法论指引,然而,在经典解释下,衍推原则会产生与直觉相悖的“不相关使真者”。为了避免不相关使真者这一困境,学界提出了三种解决方案,但它们都是值得商榷的,由此,迫切需要提出一种更为有效的方案,以避免所有类型的不相关使真者,否则,要么放弃衍推原则,要么只能在相当弱的意义上使用它。基于衍推原则,可以进一步思考使真者理论所面临的问题,它们与符合真理论中的事实问题密切相关,解决这些问题是用使真者理论为符合真理论辩护的前提。

Truth-maker theory attempts to find truth-makers for propositions,in which the Entailment Principle(“EP”hereafter)plays a methodological role.However,the EP has the difficulty of“irrelevant truth-maker”faced by the classical interpretation of entailment.We shall examine three solutions in the literature,and believe that another more effective solution is needed.Otherwise,we can only abandon the EP or use it in a weak sense.Additionally,our reconsideration of EP shows some further problems of truth-maker theory closely related to that of“fact”in the correspondence theory,and if someone wants to use truth-maker theory as a way of vindicating correspondence theory,he needs to solve these problems.