论科学自主的社会根源

On the Social Roots of Scientific Autonomy

在整合科学与社会的哲学努力中,基切尔的“良序科学”构想是一项里程碑式的成就。他主张,“科学的”和“好的”不能划等号,好科学要由好社会来提供担保,而好社会的关键在于奉行民主协商原则。基切尔选取的规范性立场,实际上要求用社会的整体利益来支配科学的进展。这里也有风险,整体利益可能落不到实处,结果和强纲领的情况一样,科学对社会成见的矫正力量倒是先失去了依据。本文主张,通过阐明科学自主的社会根源,兼顾科学对社会的推动和社会对科学的约束两个方面,实现科学与社会的更好整合。

The integration of science and society is one of the most significant issues in the contemporary philosophy of science.As a response to that issue,Philip Kitcher claims,science should commit itself to the public good of a whole society,even of all the human beings.Well-ordered science,designed with great details,is the core of the ideal relation between science and society.This paper argues,like the Strong Program,Kitcher’s thought frame may risk on the failure to guarantee the scientific autonomy.By articulating the social roots of the scientific autonomy,we suggest a new model for integrating science and society.