同光之际总理衙门与直省之间的人事分歧(1868-1882)--以丁日昌的晚年仕宦生涯为中心

Personnel differences between Tsung-li Yamen and the Province in the late years of Tongzhi and the Early Years of Guangxu(1868-1882)--Taking Ding Richang's official career in his later years as an example

同光之际,沈桂芬主持总理衙门,在洋务人才的选用上持门户之见,与直省之间产生严重分歧,引发直省疆吏的严重不满。尤其在丁日昌的使用上,总理衙门首鼠两端,虽明知丁日昌的洋务才能“冠绝流辈”,却始终秉持过河拆桥的功利心态,有事荐用,事毕即弃,此举不仅使丁日昌的晚年仕途异常曲折,而且恶化了总理衙门与直省之间的关系,严重影响了同光之际清朝的对外交涉,成为晚清新旧体制关系变动的缩影,其经验教训值得注意。

In the late years of Tongzhi and the early years of Guangxu,Shen Guifen presided over the Tsung-li Yamen,held a parochial prej-udice on the selection of foreign talents,had serious differences with the provincial government,and caused serious dissatisfaction of the provin-cial officials.Especially in the appointment of Ding Richang,although the Tsung-li Yamen aware of Ding Richang's outstanding ability in for-eign affairs,it always adhered to the utilitarian mentality of demolishing the bridge through the river.When needed,Tsung-li Yamen recommend-ed Ding Richang to be used,and gave up him immediately when not needed.Which not only made Ding Richang's official career ups and downs in his later years,but also worsened the relationship between theTsung-li Yamen and the provincial government,and seriously affected the for-eign negotiations of the Qing Dynasty during the Tongguang period,It became the epitome of the changes in the relationship between the old and the new systems in the late Qing Dynasty,and its experience and lessons deserve attention.