“就算是X”的真实、假设与违实

Factual,Hypothetical and Counterfactual:The Meaning of Construction“Jiu suan shi X”

根据假设度差异,“就算是X”结构存在真实(S_(2))、假设(S_(1))和违实(S_(3))的对立。结构方面,三者常项间存在内部整合度高低之分,即S_(2)<S_(1)<S_(3);语义方面,S_(1)、S_(2)和S_(3)分别表示比较级差义、目的实现义和他反预期义,内部存在让步程度差异,即S_(2)<S_(1)<S_(3)。结构关系的重新分析和相邻认知域的互相映射是造成三者既对立又联系的主要因素。S_(3)的高假设度违实义通过弱信息词、过去时制和推论因果关系的共现得以强化,其常项“就算是”是一个他反预期标记。

“Jiu suan shi X”(就算是X)has factual(S_(1)),hypothetical(S_(2))and counterfactual(S3)meanings.This paper reveals the hypotheti-cal degree differences of“Jiu suan shi X”from the differences in syntax and semantics the cognitive motivations for the formation of its three structures.Firstly,it finds that the internal integration degree of“Jiu suan shi X”can be divided into low,middle,high levels,S_(2)<S_(1)<S_(3).Sec-ondly,S_(1),S_(2) and S_(3) represent respectively the meaning of comparative level difference,the meaning of objective realization and the meaning of counter-expectation for others,and there is a difference of internal concession degree,S_(2)<S_(1)<S_(3).Finally,The reanalysis of the structural rela-tionship and the mapping of the adjacent cognitive domains are the main factors that cause the antagonism and connection among the factual,hy-pothetical and counterfactual“Jiu suan shi X”.The counterfactual meanings of S_(3) is strengthened by the co-occurrence of past tense,some words that weaken information and inferential causality.“Jiu suan shi”of S_(3) is a marker of counter-expectation for others.