混合现实技术在脊柱微创手术术前规划及教学培训中的应用现状及前景

Application and prospect of mixed reality technology in preoperative planning,teaching and training of minimally invasive spinal surgery

图像引导手术 (image guided surgery,IGS) 又称计算机辅助手术 (computer-aided surgery),是当前在世界范围内广泛应用于骨科微创手术的导航技术[1-2]。有研究表明,术中应用计算机辅助导航技术,在骨组织切除、重建的过程中可以有效提高操作精度,提高手术效率并降低并发症发生风险[3]。具体来说,在术中应用基于混合现实 (mixed reality,MR) 技术的导航系统。

Mixed reality (MR) technology,following the virtual reality (VR) technology and augmented reality (AR) technology,is a new type of digital holographic image technology appeared in the field of graphics,which is the latest development of reality technology.It can integrate the virtual model generated by computer with the real scene seen by users.Compared with AR technology which simply projects the image onto the real surface,the operator of MR equipment can interact with the real world and its digital content in real time,realizing the coexistence of physical and digital in the new visual environment.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the application of MR technology in surgical practice.A large number of pre-clinical studies show that MR technology is expected to play an important role in surgical planning,preoperative simulation,teaching and training,and surgical treatment.Many studies have shown that MR technology has begun to bring great convenience to orthopedic surgery,especially spinal surgery such as bone tumor resection,pedicle screw fixation,spinal endoscopy and percutaneous vertebroplasty.At present,MR technology has become a hot frontier information technology in medical application.With the popularization of digital technology in the medical field,the development prospect of MR is immeasurable.In this paper,the application of hybrid reality technology in preoperative planning,teaching and training of minimally invasive spinal surgery is reviewed,and the development of MR technology in the field of minimally invasive spinal surgery is prospected.