不同间作作物对槟榔幼树生长及病虫害的影响

Effects of Different Intercropping Crops on Growth,Diseases and Pests of Areca Young Trees

[目的]探讨不同作物对槟榔幼树生长及病虫害的影响。[方法]采用海南常见的4种作物进行大田间作试验。[结果 ] 4种作物均可促进槟榔幼树株高、茎粗、叶面积3种形态指标的增长和相对叶绿素含量的增加,随作物生育进程的推进,各指标增长量出现先增后减或后缓慢增长的趋势。各指标总增长量和增加量均表现为:槟榔‖花生>槟榔‖萝卜>槟榔‖圣女果>槟榔‖玉米>槟榔单作,其中槟榔‖花生和槟榔‖萝卜处理与单作处理差异显著。叶枯病和蚧壳虫的危害均表现为:槟榔单作>槟榔‖玉米>槟榔‖花生>槟榔‖萝卜>槟榔‖圣女果,其中槟榔‖萝卜和槟榔‖圣女果处理与单作处理差异显著。[结论]该研究可为海南槟榔幼树间作作物的选择提供参考。

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of different crops on the growth,diseases and insect pests of areca young trees. [Method] Four common crops in Hainan were used for field intercropping experiment.[Result] The results showed that the four intercropping crops can promote plant height,stem thickness,leaf area and the relative chlorophyll content of areca young trees. With the advancement of crop growth,the growth of each index increases first and then decreases or then increases slowly. The total growth and increase of each index were as follows:areca ‖ peanut > areca ‖ radish > areca ‖ cherry tomato > areca ‖ corn > areca monoculture,and there was significant difference between areca ‖ peanut and areca ‖ radish treatments and areca monoculture treatment. The damage of leaf blight and scale insect to each treatment was as follows:areca monoculture > areca‖corn > areca‖peanut >areca‖radish > areca‖cherry tomato,and the difference between areca ‖ radish and areca ‖ cherry tomato treatments and areca monoculture treatment is significant.[Conclusion] This study could provide a reference for the selection of areca young trees intercropping crops in Hainan.