创伤性脑损伤后血管源性脑水肿的MRI研究进展

MRI research progress of vasogenic edema after traumatic brain injury

创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是一种常见、可危及生命的疾病,脑水肿是影响TBI病死率和其后续功能恢复的主要因素,而血管源性脑水肿是其主要的存在形式。常规磁共振在鉴别水肿类型和范围方面能力有限。随着磁共振功能序列的日益创新,各种功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)技术在研究TBI后血管源性脑水肿中各有其独特之处。相关研究应用了扩散加权成像、扩散张量成像、自由水扩散张量成像和扩散峰度成像等fMRI技术,取得了满意的效果。其他fMRI如磁化转移和磁敏感成像在这一领域也显示出应有的作用。本文对TBI后血管源性脑水肿的MRI研究进展进行总结与综述,以期为TBI后的血管源性水肿监测、治疗和预后提供更新、更全面的理论基础及检查方式。

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a common life-threatening disease,while cerebral edema is the main factor affecting the mortality and subsequent functional recovery of TBI.Different types of edema usually require different clinical treatments,and vasogenic edema is the main form.Conventional magnetic resonance sequences are limited in their ability to identify the type and extent of edema.With the increasing innovation of MRI functional sequences,various functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)studies have their own unique characteristics in the study of vasogenic brain edema after TBI.Relevant studies have applied fMRI sequences such as diffusion weighted imaging,diffusion tensor imaging,free water diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging,and achieved satisfactory results.Other fMRIs,such as magnetization transfer and susceptibility imaging,have also shown their due role in this field.This article concludes and summarizes the MRI research progress of vasogenic brain edema after TBI,in order to provide an updated and more comprehensive theoretical basis and examination methods for the prevention,treatment and prognosis of vasogenic brain edema after TBI.