电动客车车门振动特征和加速寿命试验

Vibration characteristics of electric bus doors and the accelerated life test

为了保证电动客车车门的安全性和可靠性,采用汽车试验场模拟汽车行驶全寿命过程,进行加速寿命试验。对比分析了城市道路和试验场石块道路行驶过程中电动客车车门振动加速度信号的时域和频域特征。基于疲劳损伤可靠性理论,建立了加速寿命试验模型,计算了加速寿命试验时间。结果表明:车门振动以1~20 Hz的低频振动为主,顶部振动大于底部振动,3个方向振动大小依次为垂向、纵向、横向;客车石块道路的振动量级远大于城市道路的振动量级,振动频域分布特征基本相同。采用前车门支柱下安装点的振动数据,城市道路运行2.88万h可缩短至石块道路运行8.11 h,即可达到全寿命可靠性验证效果。

The electric-bus full-driving-life test was simulated on the automotive proving ground to accelerate the full-driving-life test to ensure electric-bus safety and reliability.The time domain and frequency domain characteristics were analyzed on the city road or the stone road for the vibration acceleration signals of the electric bus door.The accelerated life test model was established based on the fatigue damage reliability theory to calculate the accelerated life testing time.The results show that the vibration frequency is mainly from 1 Hz to 20 Hz,the vibration of the top is more serious than that of bottom,and the vibration direction from large to small is vertical,longitudinal and transverse,respectively;the vibration on the stone road is much larger than that on the city road,but the vibration frequency domain distributions are basically the same.Adopting the vibration data of the front door pillar mounting point,the running time 28800 h on the urban road is reduced to 8.11 h on the stone road to achieve the reliability verification effect of the full life.