山地城市公园冷岛效应的影响研究——以重庆主城区公园为例

The Influence of the Cool-island Effects on Urban Parks in Mountainous Cities:A Case Study of Chongqing

公园作为城市建成环境中的重要降温冷源,对改善城市热岛问题具有重要作用。为揭示外部环境对公园冷岛效应扩散的影响,以重庆市主城区三个公园为例,采用ENVI反演周边地表温度,分析外部环境要素对公园冷岛效应扩散的影响。结果表明:(1)三个公园降温效应差异明显,花卉园降温效应(2.174℃)>沙坪公园(1.442℃)>大学城中央公园(0.631℃);(2)外部建筑形态和用地功能是影响公园冷岛效应扩散的主要因素,其中建筑围合形态产生的“风墙”对公园冷岛效应扩散具有明显阻碍影响,而大规模不透水下垫面会制约冷岛扩散方向。

As an important cooling source in the urban built environment,the park plays an important role in improving urban heat islands(UHI).In order to reveal the influence of the external environment on the diffusion of the cold-island effect,three parks in the main urban area of Chongqing City were taken as examples.ENVI was used to retrieve the surrounding land surface temperature,and the effects of external environment elements on the diffusion of the cold island effect were analyzed.The results showed as follows:(1)The cold-island intensity of Chongqing Flower Garden(2.174℃)>Shaping Park(1.442℃)>Central Park of University Town(0.631℃).(2)The architecture form and the function layout of the park surrounding is a significant role to the proliferation of cold island effect.The effect is obvious that“the wind wall”of the building hinders the diffusion of the park's cold-island effect,and the large-scale impervious surface is spread in the direction of the important factors restricting the cold island.