节日文化:斯里兰卡构建国家共同体意识的艰难探索

Festival Culture:An Arduous Exploration of Forging a National Community Awareness among the Sri Lankan People

原本指向安定祥和的节日有可能因族群关系紧张和文化冲突而成为破坏生活和谐的暴力的平台。西方殖民者的治理“遗产”改写了斯里兰卡的人群分类体系,复杂的社会问题被简单地贴上“族群-宗教”的标签,结果可能使不同节日表现出强化“族群-宗教”意识的特征,进而使国家共同体意识的构建面临严重挑战。忽视节日的包容性、秉持唯我独尊的节日观不利于多元族群构建美美与共的社会生活。对斯里兰卡诸多节日的考察可以发现,在国家化进程中,来自不同族群文化的节日只有以实现文化共享及国家整合为目的才能具有传承发展的重要基石。

Due to intense ethnic relations and cultural conflicts,festivals originally contributing to peace and stability may become a platform for violence that destroys the harmony of life.The legacy of Western colonel rule has rewritten the population classification system of Sri Lanka.Complex social problems are simply labeled as ethnic or religious issues.As a result,different festivals may show the characteristics of strengthening the ethnic-religious consciousness.Thus,the construction of a national community awareness is facing severe challenges.Ignoring the inclusiveness of festivals and adhering to the“egoistic”view of festivals are not conducive to the construction of the“harmonic coexistence with difference”type of social life in a multi-ethnic society.Through an investigation of many festivals in Sri Lanka,it has been found that festivals of different ethnic cultures can play the role as an important cornerstone for inheritance and development only when they are celebrated for the purpose of cultural sharing and national integration in the process of nation-building.