2017—2020年武汉市1212例HIV抗体筛查有反应性样本确证检测结果分析

Analysis of confirmatory test results of 1212 HIV(+)antibody screening cases in Wuhan from 2017 to 2020

目的 分析2017—2020年武汉大学中南医院检验科艾滋病确证实验室HIV抗体确证检测结果,了解武汉市AIDS疫情流行现状,为制定该疾病的预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法 按照国家规定的检测方案,对我院HIV抗体筛查实验室检测点送检的1212例HIV抗体筛查有反应性样本进行复检、确证。其中875例确证阳性样本人群按照性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、就诊类别进行分类分析。结果 2017—2020年共对1022例HIV抗体复检阳性样本进行确证试验,其中875例(85.62%)为阳性,106例(10.37%)为不确定,41例(4.01%)为阴性。确诊阳性感染者男女比例为4.61:1;感染者95.20%为汉族;20~39岁年龄组占比最大,为44.91%,其次为40~59岁年龄组占比38.06%;不详学历组占比最大,为29.71%,其次为大专/本科/大学,占比23.06%;已婚人群占比50.06%;门诊自愿咨询者占比45.26%。HIV抗体确证不确定样本带型以gp160、p24和gp160、gp120、p41为主。对106例不确定样本人群2~4周后进行随访,随访1~2次,其中29例完成随访,19例随访确证为阳性。结论 武汉市HIV阳性感染者多为汉族,男性明显多于女性,以中青年,不详学历人群,已婚人群,门诊自愿咨询者居多。HIV确证不确定受检者随访率低。应加大面向社会尤其是青年人群的AIDS防治宣传工作,切实提高HIV抗体检出率和随访率,遏制AIDS的传播。

Objective To investigate the HIV confirmatory test results in HIV Confirmatory Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017 to 2020, and analyze the epidemic status of AIDS in Wuhan,thus to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the testing program stipulated by the state, 1212 HIV antibody screening positive samples from HIV screening laboratories were reinspected and confirmed.875 samples were confirmed to be HIV positive, which were then classified and analyzed according to gender, age, ethnic group,educational level, marital status and medical treatment category. Results From 2017 to 2020, a total of 1022 HIV antibody reinspected positive cases were confirmed, of which 875(85.62%) were confirmed to be HIV-1 antibody positive, 106(10.37%) were indeterminate,and 41(4.01%) were negative. The male-to-female ratio of confirmed positive cases was 4.61:1. 95.20% of the infected patients were Han nationality. 20-39 year-old age group accounted for 44.91%, followed by the age group of 40-59, which accounted for 38.06%.Unknown educational background group accounted for 29.71%;Married population accounted for 50.06%;The proportion of outpatients was 45.26%. Gp160, p24 and gp160, gp120, p41 were the main banding patterns in the indeterminate cases. After 2-4 weeks, the 106uncertain samples were followed up for 1-2 times, of which only 29 cases completed the follow-up, and 19 samples were confirmed to be positive. Conclusions The majority of HIV-positive patients in Wuhan were Han Nationality. Male was significantly more than female.Most of the positive cases were young, middle-aged, unknown educational background, married and outpatients. Furthermore, the followup rate of HIV indeterminate cases was low. It is necessary to strengthen the AIDS awareness for the society, especially for the young people, and to increase the HIV antibody detection rate and follow-up rate, thus to curb the spread of AIDS.