工业智能化的政治经济学分析——基于“技术—劳动过程—劳资关系”三维作用机制

Political Economic Analysis of Industrial Intelligence:——Based on the Three-dimensional Action Mechanism of "Technology-Labor Process-Industrial Relations"

本文借由马克思分析资本主义机器大工业所生发出来的“技术-劳动过程-劳资关系”三维作用机制,探讨了智能化生产的社会形式即生产关系属性。经智能化技术重塑的资本主义劳动过程的新特点主要体现在:智能化生产继承和发展了机器的技术逻辑,生产系统的智能化和柔性化并未消除劳动异化,资本对劳动的控制越来越隐蔽和高效。以资本主义劳动过程为限度的劳资关系呈现出以下这些新特征:从事简单劳动的低技能工人将变成“无用阶级”,资本家有动力对工人进行人力资本投资,劳资之间的收入差距呈现扩大趋势。新技术只有在超越了资本主义应用的狭隘界限后才能成为人自由全面发展的手段。

This paper discusses the social form of intelligent production,that is,the attribute of production relations,by analyzing the three-dimensional action mechanism of "technology labor process labor capital relations" produced by the capitalist machine industry.The new characteristics of capitalist labor process reshaped by intelligent technology are mainly reflected in:intelligent production inherits and develops the technical logic of machines,the intellectualization and flexibility of production system do not eliminate labor alienation,and the control of capital over labor is more and more hidden and efficient.The labor capital relations limited by the capitalist labor process show the following new characteristics:the low skilled workers engaged in simple labor will become "useless class",the capitalists have the motivation to invest in human capital,and the income gap between labor and capital shows an expanding trend-New technology can become a means of people’s free and all-round development only after it goes beyond the narrow boundary of capitalist application.