添加菌剂对葡萄冬季修剪废弃物堆肥效果及酶活性的影响

Effect of Adding Microbial Agents on Composting Effect and Enzyme Activity of Grape Cut Waste in Winter

为了研究添加菌剂量对葡萄冬季修剪废弃物的堆肥效果,以设施种植的夏黑葡萄冬季修剪枝条为试材,设置了添加菌剂量为0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%,0.5%共5个处理,以不添加菌剂为对照(CK),测定了堆肥温度、总有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾等营养指标和蛋白酶、脲酶、纤维素酶、硝酸还原酶和蔗糖酶等酶活性指标。结果表明:添加≥0.3%的菌剂即可提升堆肥积温,0.4%的菌剂可以显著提升堆肥0~25 d的积温;浓度越高的菌剂处理碳转化和C/N的下降速率越快;堆肥过程中全磷的含量会显著下降,钾则无明显变化;高温条件下(堆肥15 d)可以显著提高脲酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶和蔗糖酶活性,且这4种酶的活性指标均有堆肥过程中的碳变化存在显著或极显著的相关性。综合评价,最高浓度菌剂(0.5%)对于堆肥的效果最佳,但是考虑到成本因素,添加≥0.3%的菌剂添加量即可获得很好的堆肥效果。

In order to study the composting effect of the addition amount of microbe fungus on the winter pruning waste of grapes,the winter pruning branches of Summer Black grape planted in greenhouse were used as test materials,and five treatments with the addition of microbe fungus at the mass ratio of 0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%and 0.5%were set in this study.With no microbe fungus as control(CK),nutrient indexes such as compost temperature,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium,and enzyme activities such as protease,urease,cellulase,nitrate reductase and sucrase were determined.The results showed that,adding more than 0.2%microbe fungus could increase the accumulated temperature of compost,0.4%microbe fungus could significantly increase the accumulated temperature of 0-25 d compost.The higher the concentration,the faster the carbon conversion and C/N decline rate.Total phosphorus decreased significantly during composting,while potassium did not change significantly.The activities of urease,cellulase,protease and sucrase were significantly increased under high temperature(15 d),and there was a significant or extremely significant correlation between these four enzyme activities and carbon changes during composting.Comprehensive evaluation of this study,the highest concentration of microbe fungus(0.5%)is the best for composting,but considering the cost factors,adding more than 0.3%microbe fungus can achieve good composting effect.