针对性护理在宫颈癌患者同步放化疗预防阴道粘连及狭窄中的应用

Application of targeted nursing in the prevention of vaginal adhesion and stricture in patients with cervical cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy

目的分析针对性护理在宫颈癌患者同步放化疗预防阴道粘连及狭窄中的应用效果。方法前瞻性选取天津市肿瘤医院空港医院2019年6月至2020年3月收治的106例宫颈癌患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组53例。对照组年龄(46.53±2.51)岁,病程(19.62±1.63)个月;观察组年龄(46.83±2.56)岁,病程(19.35±1.52)个月。对照组采取常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上加用针对性护理。比较两组干预前1 d、干预2周后负性情绪[汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]、复发、阴道粘连、狭窄发生情况以及患者护理满意度情况。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果干预2周后,观察组患者的HAMA评分、HAMD评分均低于对照组[(8.95±2.07)分比(12.67±2.38)分、(9.64±1.27)分比(12.65±1.35)分],两组比较差异均有统计学意义(t=8.586、11.823,均P<0.001)。观察组复发率低于对照组[3.77%(2/53)比24.53%(13/53)]、阴道粘连率低于对照组[3.77%(2/53)比18.87%(10/53)]、狭窄率低于对照组[1.89%(1/53)比15.09%(8/53)]、护理总满意度高于对照组[96.23%(51/53)比81.13%(43/53)],两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.396、6.014、5.950、6.014,P=0.002、0.014、0.015、0.014)。结论对宫颈癌患者采用针对性护理干预效果较好,能显著稳定其情绪,阴道粘连发生率较低。

Objective To analyze the effect of targeted nursing in the prevention of vaginal adhesion and stricture in patients with cervical cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods A total of 106 patients with cervical cancer treated in Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital from June 2019 to March 2020 were prospectively selected as the examples.They were divided into a control group(53 cases)and an observation group(53 cases)by the random number table method.The control group was(46.53±2.51)years old and the course of disease was(19.62±1.63)months;the observation group was(46.83±2.56)years old and the course of disease was(19.35±1.52)months.The control group received routine nursing;on this basis,the observation group received targeted nursing.Negative emotions[Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)]1 day before intervention and 2 weeks after intervention,recurrence,vaginal adhesion and stenosis,and patients'nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.t test andχ^(2) test were used.Results After 2 weeks of intervention,the HAMA and HAMD scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group[(8.95±2.07)points vs.(12.67±2.38)points,(9.64±1.27)points vs.(12.65±1.35)points],with statistically significant differences between the two groups(t=8.586 and 11.823;both P<0.001).The recurrence rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group[3.77%(2/53)vs.24.53%(13/53)],the vaginal adhesion rate was lower than that of the control group[3.77%(2/53)vs.18.87%(10/53)],the stenosis rate was lower than that of the control group[1.89%(1/53)vs.15.09%(8/53)],and the total nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the control group[96.23%(51/53)vs.81.13%(43/53)],with statistically significant differences between the two groups(χ^(2)=9.396,6.014,5.950,and 6.014;P=0.002,0.014,0.015,and 0.014).Conclusion Targeted nursing intervention has a good effect for patients with cervical cancer,which can significantly stabilize their mood and reduce the incidence of vaginal adhesion.