数字普惠金融、农户信贷供给与城乡收入差距

Digital Inclusive Finance, Credit Supply for Rural Household and Urban-Rural Income Gap

城乡收入差距是乡村振兴战略拟解决的重点问题。文章通过构建空间杜宾模型,使用2011-2020年的数据,研究农户信贷供给在数字普惠金融影响城乡收入差距中的中介作用。结果表明:从全国范围来看,数字普惠金融、农户信贷供给以及城乡收入差距在空间上均存在正相关性,同时数字普惠金融能够通过增加农户信贷供给水平缩小本地和周边省份的城乡收入差距,具有显著的空间溢出效应;中介效应在区域分布深度上存在异质性,东部地区的数字普惠金融发展能够通过增加农户信贷供给水平显著缩小本地和周边地区的城乡收入差距,中西部地区的中介作用与空间溢出效应均不显著;数字普惠金融的使用深度和覆盖广度可以通过增加农户信贷供给缩小本地和周边地区的城乡收入差距,但数字化程度的发展则通过减少农户信贷供给扩大了本地和周边地区的城乡收入差距,三者之间同样存在异质性。

The urban-rural income gap is the key issue to be addressed in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. By constructing a spatial Durbin model, this paper uses data from 2011 to 2020 to study the intermediary role of credit supply for rural household in the impact of digital inclusive finance on the urban-rural income gap. The results go as below: There is a positive correlation between digital inclusive finance, credit supply for rural household and urban-rural income gap at the national level. Meanwhile, digital inclusive finance can narrow the urban-rural income gap between local and surrounding provinces by increasing the credit supply level of rural household, which has a significant spatial spillover effect. The intermediary effect is heterogeneous in regional distribution depth. The development of digital inclusive finance in eastern China can significantly narrow the urban-rural income gap between local and surrounding areas by increasing the credit supply level of rural household, while the intermediary effect and spatial spillover effect in central and western China are not significant. The use depth and coverage breadth of digital inclusive finance can narrow the urban-rural income gap between local and surrounding regions by increasing credit supply for rural household, while the development of digitalization expands the urban-rural income gap between local and surrounding regions by reducing credit supply for rural household. There is also heterogeneity among the three.