“福利叠加”:问题现状、成因与治理对策——基于广西城市低保数据的分析

“Welfare Stack”: Present Situation, Cause and Governance Measures-An analysis based on Guangxi’s Urban Minimum Living Security data

城市最低生活保障在缓解城市困难家庭生活、维护社会稳定方面效果显著,而“福利叠加”问题的显现在一定程度上消解了制度实施成果。基于广西壮族自治区官方统计数据及相关政策文件,分析得出广西城市低保“福利叠加”造成了相关人员的策略性行为、政府救助资源的损耗、底线救助功能的异化、低保享领人群的固化及低保边缘家庭心理落差等消极影响。在实现全面建成小康社会和完成现阶段脱贫攻坚任务后,广西城市低保制度作为新时期城市贫困治理的重要抓手,应努力回归“底线救助”的本质功能定位,并辅之以系统地完善低保政策安排、优化经办人员能力建设与增强技术手段创新等综合治理对策。剖析城市低保制度“福利叠加”问题为新时期城市贫困问题的研究提供了理论补充,在社会救助精细化实施与社会治理现代化建设方面具有借鉴意义。

The urban minimum living security has a significant effect on alleviating the life of urban poor families and maintaining social stability, while the emergence of “Welfare Stack” has eroded the implementation achievements of the system to a certain extent.Based on the existing statistical data and relevant policy documents of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the analysis shows that the “Welfare Stack” of the urban minimum living security in Guangxi has caused the tactful behavior among relevant people, the loss of social assistance resources, the alienation of the basic assistance function, the consolidation of the recipients and the psychological gap of some poor families. After completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and completing the task of poverty alleviation at the present stage, Guangxi’s urban minimum living security, as an important starting point of urban poverty management in the new era, should step up efforts to the returning of “bottom line”, with comprehensive governance measures such as system improvement, personnel optimization and technological innovation. The analysis of “Welfare Stack” of urban minimum living security provides theoretical supplement for the study of urban poverty in the new era, and has reference significance for the refinement of social assistance and the modernization of social governance.