我国托育服务的研究综述

Review of Childcare Services in China

发展托育服务是缓解家庭育儿压力、改善我国生育率低下的关键。近年来,托育服务逐渐成为学术研究的关注焦点,对CNKI数据库中的相关研究内容进行深入剖析并结合CiteSpace软件进行可视化后发现,在现阶段托育服务研究中主要存在以下问题:研究的学科分布不平衡,以预防医学与卫生学、儿科学为主,缺乏教育学等其他学科领域的参与;研究内容不足,多为政策体系、托育服务现状、人才培养和卫生保健的研究,且基础性理论研究成果不足;研究对象、方法欠缺多样性等。为了促进托育服务研究的成熟,未来其研究方向应为积极鼓励其他学科领域的加入,丰富研究内容,增加对普惠性托育、托育师资、托育课程、环境创设和基础性概念内涵等方面的研究,深入对托育服务顶层设计的研究等。

Developing childcare services is an important key to relieve the pressure of family parenting and improve the low fertility rate in China.In recent years,childcare services have gradually become the focus of academic research.According to the analysis of relevant research contents in CNKI database and visualization with citespace software,the following problems exist in the research:unbalanced distribution with the focus on preventive medicine,health and pediatrics,lacking the participation of education and other disciplines;insufficiency in research content that mainly concern the policy system,present situation,personnel training and health care;insufficient achievement in basic theoretical research;lack of diverse research objects and methods.In order to promote the maturity of childcare service research,the future research should involve other disciplines,be enriched in research content,be increased in the study of the universal childcare,teachers,curriculum,environmental creation and connotation of basic concepts,and in-depth research on the top design of childcare services,etc.