2016-2020年内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of human brucellosis in Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2020

目的分析鄂尔多斯市人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行规律与特征,为制定完善的布病防控对策提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统,收集2016-2020年鄂尔多斯市人间布病报告病例的个案资料,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析时间、地区、人群分布规律。结果2016-2020年鄂尔多斯市共报告人间布病2861例,年均发病率为27.68/10万,无死亡病例。2016-2018年人间布病发病率(24.11/10万、20.82/10万、20.11/10万)逐年下降,2019年开始回升(24.59/10万),2020年升至48.53/10万。3-8月份(1882例)为布病发病高峰。全市9个旗区均有人间布病病例报告,累计报告病例数由多到少依次为杭锦旗、达拉特旗、鄂托克前旗、准格尔旗、鄂托克旗、东胜区、乌审旗、伊金霍洛旗、康巴什新区。病例以男性为主,男女性别比为2.23∶1.00(1974∶887)。发病以青壮年为主,年龄主要集中在30~69岁(2541例)。职业以农民为主,占65.26%(1867例);其次为牧民,占18.98%(543例)。结论鄂尔多斯市人间布病疫情呈上升态势,以青壮年男性农民发病为主。应加强重点人群人间布病卫生宣教,以及高危作业时的个人防护。

Objective To analyze the epidemic status and characteristics of human brucellosis in Ordos City,and to provide basis for formulating perfect prevention and control countermeasures of brucellosis.Methods The data of reported human brucellosis cases in Ordos City from 2016 to 2020 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the distributions of time,region and population.Results Totally 2861 cases of human brucellosis were reported in Ordos City from 2016 to 2020.The average annual incidence rate was 27.68/100000 and no deaths.The incidence rate of human brucellosis decreased year by year from 2016 to 2018(24.11/100000,20.82/100000,20.11/100000).But the incidence rate began to pick up in 2019(24.59/100000)and rose to 48.53/100000 in 2020.The incidence peak was from March to August(1882 cases).The cases had been reported in all over 9 banners(districts)of the city.The cumulative number of reported cases from more to less was Hangjin Banner,Dalat Banner,Otog Front Banner,Jungar Banner,Otog Banner,Dongsheng District,Wushen County,Ejin Horo Banner and Kangbashi District.The cases were predominantly male,and the sex ratio of male to female was 2.23∶1.00(1974∶887).The onset was mainly young and middle-aged adults,and the age was mainly 30-69 years old(2541 cases).Farmers accounted for 65.26%(1867 cases)in all reported cases,followed by herdsmen,accounting for 18.98%(543 cases).Conclusions There is an obvious upward trend of human brucellosis in Ordos City in recent years,mainly among young and middle-aged male farmers.Health education for key populations should be strengthened,as well as personal protection during high-risk operations.