华北地区儿童戏剧的历史、现状与发展趋势

History,Present Situation and Development Trend of Children’s Drama in North China

华北地区的儿童戏剧发端于抗日战争时期,新中国成立后以北京为首的三大剧团带动了华北地区儿童戏剧的发展。新世纪以来儿童戏剧产业日益繁荣,但地区的发展有着明显差异。据笔者不完全统计,截至2021年6月华北地区现有儿童戏剧团体43个,主要集中在省会城市和直辖市。华北地区儿童戏剧类型主要有话剧、戏曲、偶剧、皮影戏、音乐剧、绘本剧、秧歌剧、魔术剧、肢体剧等。其中北京市的儿童戏剧类型最多、原创能力也最强。儿童剧剧目主要取材自以下三类,一是中外经典童话故事,二是现实生活,三是中国传统文化。戏剧教育是华北地区儿童戏剧发展新的增长趋势。

Children’s drama in North China originated during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.After the foundation of New China,three major troupes led by Beijing led the development of children’s drama in North China.Since the beginning of the 21st century,children’s drama industry has become increasingly prosperous,but there are obvious differences in regional development.According to the author’s incomplete statistics,by June 2021,there are 43 children’s drama groups in North China,mainly concentrated in provincial capital cities and municipalities directly under the central government.The main types of children’s dramas in North China are drama,traditional Chinese opera,puppet drama,shadow play,musical,picture drama,Yangko opera,magic drama,body drama,etc.Among them,Beijing has the most types of children’s dramas and the strongest originality.Children’s plays are mainly drawn from the following three categories:classic Chinese and foreign fairy tales,real life and traditional Chinese culture.There is a new growing trend of drama education in the development of children’s drama in North China.