全球新型冠状病毒疫苗研发进展

Global development progress in novel coronavirus vaccines

2019年底暴发的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情迅速席卷全球,造成了大量人员感染和死亡。应对疫情最有效的举措之一是加快疫苗研发与大规模临床应用。过去一年多以来,全球科学家为新型冠状病毒疫苗的研发与应用开展了大量的工作。该文综述了病毒灭活疫苗、减毒活病毒疫苗、亚单位疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、核酸疫苗等研发的主要技术路线,分析了全球新型冠状病毒疫苗研发态势,包括获批的新冠灭活疫苗、mRNA疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、蛋白亚单位疫苗,以及进展较快的病毒样颗粒疫苗等。

The novel coronavirus epidemic that started at the end of 2019 rapidly swept the world,causing a large number of infections and deaths. One of the most effective initiatives to contain the epidemic is to accelerate vaccine development so that scientists worldwide have been working extensively for the development of novel coronavirus vaccines over the past year or so. This article reviews the main technical routes of vaccine development,including inactivated viral vaccines,attenuated viral vaccines,subunit vaccines,viral vector vaccines,and nucleic acid vaccines,and analyzes the current global development of novel coronavirus vaccines,including approved inactivated neo-crown vaccines,approved neo-crown mRNA vaccines,viral vector vaccines,protein subunit vaccines in phase,and virus-like particle vaccines that are progressing rapidly.