分离膜湿法非织造支撑体的结构设计与应用

Structural design and application of wet-laid nonwovens for separating membrane support

支撑体是分离膜的生成场所和力学支撑,对膜的结构和性能具有重要的影响。为得到结构性能优异的支撑体结构,利用湿法成网和热压固网技术,制备了含致密平滑层和力学支撑层的非对称结构湿法非织造材料,系统研究了纤维的组成对支撑体结构和性能的影响。结果表明:超细聚酯纤维的引入提高了支撑体的表面平滑度,减小了孔径,提高了分离膜的加工性同时提高了支撑体的孔隙率和结构参数;通过影响分离膜相分离成形过程,实现了对聚砜膜多孔结构的调控,使指状孔逐渐缩短变小,发展成圆形海绵状空腔结构。所制备的聚砜膜的水通量和蛋白截留率得到了一定程度的提高,为分离膜支撑体的研究提供了新的思路。

Fabric supports play an important role of the membrane forming,and have an significant influence on the structure and performance of the membrane.In order to obtain a support with the required structure,asymmetric structured wet-laid nonwoven fabrics containing dense and smooth layer and high-mechanical layer was prepared by using wet-laid process and hot-pressing technology for the systematic investigation on the influence of fiber composition on the structure and properties.The results show that the addition of ultra-fine fibers improves surface smoothness,reduces pore size,and improves the processability of the separation membrane.When the porosity and structural parameters of the support were increased,and the porous structure of polysulfone membranes was accordingly regulated by influencing the phase separation forming process of the separation membrane,with the finger-like pores gradually shorten to circular sponge-like cavity structure.The permeance and bovine serum albumi rejection of the polysulfone membranes were also improved,indicating a new research idea for the separation membrane supports.