中国水库大坝水下工程技术现状与进展

Current situation and progress of underwater engineering technology of reservoir dams in China

中国各类水库大坝大多建于20世纪50~70年代,其中大量水库存在病险及不安全因素,且部分水下建筑物运行多年后,可能产生损伤甚至破坏,需进行修补处理。为保证工程安全、经济合理、生态环保的要求,也为了发展水下工程技术研究,对不同类型水库大坝所存在的主要工程问题进行了分析,总结了中国水库大坝水下工程的安全现状和水下工程检测、渗漏、缺陷等处理技术,并结合工程建设管理情况,探讨了水下工程技术发展研究方向及水平提升的途径。研究成果可为提高水库大坝水下工程修复、处置技术水平提供借鉴。

The various reservoir dams in China were mostly built in 50~70 s of the 20th century.A large number of reservoirs are in danger and have unsafe factors,and after operation for many years,some underwater structures may be damaged and need to be repaired.In order to ensure the requirements of engineering safety,economic rationality,ecological environmental safety,and develop underwater engineering technology,the main engineering problems of different types of reservoir dams are analyzed,the safety status,as well as detection,leakage and defects of underwater engineering,and other treatment technologies for underwater engineering of reservoir dam in China are summarized.Combined with the management of engineering construction in China,the research direction of underwater engineering technology development and the improvement approaches are discussed.The research results can provide some references for improving the techniques of underwater repair and disposal of reservoir dam.