法律与伦理角度下医疗预嘱案例分析

Analysis on the Case of Advance Directive from the Perspectives of Law and Ethics

平鑫涛医疗预嘱案例引发了社会的广泛讨论。从法律和伦理角度分析该案例,认为在第一次预后好的情况下,如果因失智而放弃管饲,不符合国内外一般立法实践与伦理共识。在第二次预后差的情况下,执行放弃管饲的预嘱符合立法实践与伦理共识。基于《中华人民共和国民法典》中的意定监护制度,结合我国家庭观念和文化传统,推进预嘱的立法进程,为尊重和保障患者真实意愿和最佳利益提供明确具体的法律依据。从社会层面上,应培养医护人员尊重患者自主的伦理价值理念,推进预立医疗照护计划实践。

The case of Ping Xintao’advance directive has aroused a widespread discussion in the society.This case was analyzed from the perspectives of law and ethics,it was believed that in the case of a good prognosis for the first time,if the tube feeding was abandoned due to dementia,it did not conform to the general legislative practice and ethical consensus at home and abroad.In the second poor prognosis,the implementation of the advance directive conformed to the legislative practice and ethical consensus.Based on the intentional guardianship system in the civil code of the people’s republic of China,combined with Chinese family value and cultural tradition,legislative process of advance directive should be promoted to provide a specific legal basis for respecting and promoting patient’s wish and best interests.From the social level,medical staff should cultivate the ethical value of respecting patient’s autonomy and promote the practice of advance medical care plan.