养老机构老年人焦虑与健康相关生命质量的关系

Relationship of Anxiety and Health-related Quality of Life Among Older Adults in Elderly Care Institutions

目的:探讨养老机构老年人焦虑与健康相关生命质量间的关系,分析衰弱和日常生活生物节律在二者之间的作用,为制定提高养老机构老年人生命质量的有效干预措施提供理论依据。方法:选取河北省和天津市9所养老机构内的老年人进行问卷调查,并对数据进行统计分析。结果:共得到521份有效问卷。养老机构老年人焦虑、衰弱、日常生活生物节律和健康相关生命质量两两间均呈显著相关(P<0.001)。焦虑对衰弱的正向预测作用显著,对生活生物节律的负向预测作用显著(P<0.001);衰弱对日常生活生物节律的负向预测作用显著(P<0.001);焦虑、衰弱和日常生活生物节律对健康相关生命质量的预测作用均显著(P<0.01)。Bootstrap检验结果表明衰弱和日常生活生物节律在焦虑和健康相关生命质量之间的中介作用均显著,衰弱和日常生活生物节律的链式中介作用也显著。结论:焦虑不仅对养老机构老年人的健康相关生命质量产生直接预测作用,还可通过衰弱和日常生活生物节律的单独中介作用和两者的链式中介作用对健康相关生命质量产生间接预测作用。

Objective:To explore the relationship between the anxiety and health-related quality of life among the elderly in elderly care institutions and analyze the effect of frailty and biosocial rhythms of daily living between them,so as to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of effective interventions to improve the quality of life of the elderly in elderly care institutions.Methods:Older adults from 9 elderly care institutions in Hebei province and Tianjin city were selected,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 521 valid questionnaires were obtained.The anxiety,frailty,biosocial rhythms of daily life and health-related quality of life among older adults in elderly care institutions were significantly correlated(P<0.001).The anxiety had a positive predictive effect on frailty and had a negative predictive effect on biosocial rhythms of daily life(P<0.001).Frailty had a significant negative predictive effect on the biosocial rhythms of daily living(P<0.001).Anxiety,frailty and biosocial rhythms of daily living had significant predictive effects on health-related quality of life(P<0.01).Bootstrap test showed that frailty and biosocial rhythms of daily living had significant mediating effects on the relationship between anxiety and health-related quality of life,and frailty and biosocial rhythms of daily living also had significant chain mediating effects.Conclusion:The anxiety can directly predict the health-related quality of life of the elderly in elderly care institutions and indirectly predict the health-related quality of life through separate mediating effects of frailty and biological rhythms of daily life and chain mediating effects of them.